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Back pain

Function-focused notes for disabling low back pain. Not a diagnosis.

Listings here keep their home category. Related notes also appear under CBT Skills, Pain Education, and Daily Practices.

Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT) for persistent back pain

A physiotherapist-led individualized package for disabling chronic low back pain: making sense of pain, exposure with control of feared movements, and lifestyle coaching. Strongest evidence is for disability versus usual care. Not generic CBT, not PNE-only, and not standalone graded activity.

Graded activity and graded exposure for fear of movement

Two clinician-led CBT-family protocols for people who have started avoiding movement after persistent pain. They are not the same, and they are not activity pacing. Fear and function are the realistic targets, not pain scores.

Activity pacing

Break tasks into planned pieces so a good day does not create a two-day crash. Widely taught. Mixed evidence as a standalone cure.

Interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation for persistent pain

A clinic team program (medicine + psychology + PT/OT, often nursing) over days to weeks, aimed at function and self-management. Modest average gains in disability and quality of life. Not a reliable pain-intensity cure, and not the same as CBT alone or a 2-hour class.

Pain neuroscience education

Pain is always real. A nervous system can stay alarmed after tissues have had time to heal. Learning that is not the same as being told the pain is imaginary.

Explain Pain (Butler and Moseley)

A widely used book that teaches how pain works in the nervous system. An education resource, not a trial and not a promise of recovery.

CBT for pain

A course of cognitive behavioral therapy aimed at living with persistent pain: thought skills, activity plans, and problem-solving. It is not a claim that pain is imaginary.